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18th Century

• 18th Century, Cultural Studies, Historical Studies, Humanities, Literary Studies, Postcolonial Studies, Travel Writing

  Virtual Voyages

  25.04.10 | Permalink | Comments Off on Virtual Voyages

  Born out of an ancient geographical theory of balance, the term ‘antipodes’ was first used to refer to the vast uncharted underworld of the southern hemisphere from a northern perspective. The principle behind this belief, as described in the Quarterly Review in the nineteenth century, was ‘that all the land, which had till then been discovered in the southern hemisphere, was insufficient to form a counterpoise to the weight of land in the northern half of the globe’. The idea of the antipodes as a counterbalance, though now remembered only as a peculiar, discredited theory, has been surprisingly influential as an imaginative concept. An antipodean expectancy filled minds, maps, novels and utopian plans, laying the foundations for perceptions of Oceania and Australasia that continue to impact on how this part of the world is seen from a distance as well as from within. The region of the antipodes has been occupied by European settlers and their descendants for a relatively short time. And yet, this brief period is set against a backdrop of one of the longest recorded histories of imagining prior to geographical discovery.

• 18th Century, Cultural Studies, Historical Studies, Humanities, Literary Studies, Postcolonial Studies

  Fictions of Encounter

  25.09.08 | Permalink | Comments Off on Fictions of Encounter

  The “imaginary voyage” was an early form of the modern realist novel popular in Britain and France from the seventeenth to the early nineteenth centuries, set predominantly in the region of Australasia and the Pacific. As a branch of travel literature, it was linked intimately to the expansion of empire. Through repeated stories of successful colonizing schemes and heroic accounts of cross-cultural encounters between European travelers and the people of the antipodes, these texts allowed European readers to enjoy farfetched fantasies of colonization well before, and during, the period of actual colonial expansion. As in the case of the many better-known examples of literary fiction produced in the later period of European imperial dominance, imaginary voyage fiction helped embed social acceptance of colonial expansion by modeling cultural domination as natural, beneficial, and welcome.

• 18th Century, Cultural Studies, Historical Studies, Postcolonial Studies

  Teaching and Learning Guide: Antipodean Myths Transformed

  08.08.08 | Permalink | Comments Off on Teaching and Learning Guide: Antipodean Myths Transformed

  Sample Syllabus:

  Week 1: Introduction and Overview—Exploration and Colonisation of the Great South Land

  • – The myth of the antipodes—the allure of the great south land
  • – Gaps in maps—spaces for the imagination

  Weeks 2–4: Fantasies of the Antipodes

  • – The role of imaginary voyage texts—blending reality with fantasy, pre-programming colonisation
  • – Myths of extreme difference
  • – Myths of Indigenous populations’ welcoming attitude to colonial intrusion
  • – Theories of otherness

  Weeks 3–5: Entering the Antipodes

  • – Early explorers’ contradictory responses to Terra Australis Incognita
  • – Utopias and dystopias
  • – First contact with Indigenous people—the concept of ‘terra nullius’ framed by myths

  Weeks 6–8: Images of Contemporary Australia: Enduring Myths

  • – The myth of terra nullius and the impact on Indigenous Australia
  • – The ‘dead heart’ of Australia as the last unfathomed antipodean space

   

about

Paul Arthur is Vice-Chancellor’s Professorial Research Fellow and Chair in Digital Humanities and Social Sciences, at Edith Cowan University, Western Australia. He speaks and publishes widely on major challenges and changes facing 21st-century society, from the global impacts of technology on communication, culture and identity to migration and human rights. Paul Arthur has over 100 publications including 13 books, and has received A$10M in grant funding, individually and in collaboration. His latest book is Open Scholarship in the Humanities (Bloomsbury 2024, with Lydia Hearn). A Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, he has held prestigious visiting positions in Europe, Asia-Pacific and North America, and given more than 50 keynote and plenary talks in 20 countries.  Click here for full Profile

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Paul Arthur is Vice-Chancellor’s Professorial Research Fellow and Chair in Digital Humanities and Social Sciences, at Edith Cowan University, Western Australia. He speaks and publishes widely on major challenges and changes facing 21st-century society, from the global impacts of technology on communication, culture and identity

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